This is the doctrine of satyagraha in a nutshell." įor Gandhi, satyagraha went far beyond mere "passive resistance" and became strength in practising non-violent methods. And truth being that which is, can never be destroyed. If untruth does not so much as exist, its victory is out of the question. Asatya, meaning untruth, also means nonexistent, and satya or truth, also means that which is. This was critical to Gandhi's understanding of and faith in nonviolence: "The world rests upon the bedrock of satya or truth. In the context of satyagraha, Truth, therefore, includes a) Truth in speech, as opposed to falsehood, b) knowledge of what is real, as opposed to nonexistent (asat), and c) good as opposed to evil or bad. Nothing is or exists in reality except Truth. Satya is derived from the word "sat", which means "being". "Satyagraha" is a tatpuruṣa compound of the Sanskrit words satya (meaning "truth") and āgraha ("polite insistence", or "holding firmly to"). Subsequently, to make it clearer, Gandhi changed it to Satyagraha. Maganlal Gandhi, grandson of an uncle of Mahatma Gandhi, came up with the word "Sadagraha" and won the prize. The terms originated in a competition in the news-sheet Indian Opinion in South Africa in 1906. Joyfully obey the orders of the leaders of the civil disobedience action. As a prisoner, do not fast in an attempt to gain conveniences whose deprivation does not involve any injury to your self-respect.As a prisoner, do not ask for special favourable treatment.As a prisoner, behave courteously and obey prison regulations (except any that are contrary to self-respect).If anyone attempts to insult or assault your opponent, defend your opponent (non-violently) with your life.Neither salute nor insult the flag of your opponent or your opponent's leaders.If you are a trustee of property, defend that property (non-violently) from confiscation with your life.Voluntarily submit to arrest or confiscation of your own property.Never retaliate to assaults or punishment, but do not submit, out of fear of punishment or assault, to an order given in anger.Gandhi proposed a series of rules for satyagrahis to follow in a resistance campaign: Must abstain from alcohol and other intoxicants.Must be a habitual khadi weaver and spinner.Must be leading a chaste life and be willing to die or lose all his possessions.On another occasion, he listed these rules as "essential for every Satyagrahi in India": Economic strategy such as boycotts of imported goods ( swadeshi).Non-possession (not the same as poverty).Truth – this includes honesty, but goes beyond it to mean living fully in accord with and in devotion to that which is true.He asked satyagrahis to follow the following principles (Yamas described in Yoga Sutra): He founded the Sabarmati Ashram to teach satyagraha. Gandhi envisioned satyagraha as not only a tactic to be used in acute political struggle but as a universal solvent for injustice and harm. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, as well as Nelson Mandela's struggle against apartheid in South Africa and many other social justice and similar movements. The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948), who practised satyagraha in the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Someone who practises satyagraha is a satyagrahi. Satyāgraha ( Sanskrit: सत्याग्रह satya: "truth", āgraha: "insistence" or "holding firmly to"), or "holding firmly to truth", or "truth force", is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. Gandhi leading the famous 1930 Salt March, a notable example of satyagraha. For other uses, see Satyagraha (disambiguation).
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